Correct type of trust

Folks,

Thank you for past help in sorting out my situation. I do have one follow-up question:

What type of trust might allow an IRA to be split into marital and family components (the family component soaking up a restrictive $1 million dollar estate exemption, the marital component soaking up the rest, maybe an estimated $3.5-4.0 million) with conduit/look-through treatment, that allows current income for the now widowed spouse, that leaves the underlying balance to the children, but does not rely on straight line single life expectancy calculations (subtracting 1 for the denominator every year from the initial life expectancy) and instead allows for the spouse to recalculate her life expectancy every year?

Bottom line…IRA was split in half, with half going directly to my mom and half going into a classic bypass/conduit/look through trust for her benefit until her death, at which point any remaining interest is split 33-33-33 among the 3 remaining children. The problem is that if she lives to her life expectancy, the trust assets are emptied back into her estate as IRA distributions, with nothing left in the trust assets to pass onto the kids.

Assume that she needs the RMD income from the $4.5 million IRA to live and that it was not desirable for IRA assets to go directly to the kids at time of death due to need for creditor protection and spendthrift issues. So while the trust seems desirable on two accounts (saving of estate tax on $1 million in dad’s estate and protecting assets from creditors for mom’s benefit), these attributes are somewhat compromised by the accelerated distributions from the trust and tying the emptying of the IRA Trust assets to her life expectancy forever (when she passes, I believe the remaining trust assets will need to be emptied by the kids based on her remaining life expectancy).

Does this assessment sound right and is there a workaround or any lessons to be learned from this for future endeavors?

Your input is greatly appreciated.

SR



  • You are correct that a conduit trust generally doesn’t make sense for a nonspouse beneficiary because if the beneficiary lives to life expectancy nothing will be left in the trust.  
  • It’s not quite as bad for a spouse beneficiary.  Since the spouse’s life expectancy can be recalculated each year, the IRA will never have to be fully depleted during the spouse’s lifetime.
  • Nevertheless, as you point out, it’s still not a good result, since the spouse is the measuring life for the entire IRA.
  • To the extent other assets were available, Dad could have left some or all of the IRA to Mom and other assets (and the rest of the IRA if Dad wanted to leave less than all of the IRA to Mom) in trust for the children.  Or he could have left the IRA in trust for the children and other assets in trust for Mom.  It would be helpful to know what other assets were available in order to determine what plan would likely have been best.
  • It sounds from the facts presented that Dad is no longer living.  Is that correct?
  • The other lesson to be learned is that Dad should have consulted with more sophisticated counsel.
  • But in one of your previous threads, https://irahelp.com/forum-post/40940-estate-planninglarge-ira, you said that Mom was the named beneficiary.  If that’s correct, the IRA is Mom’s (unless she disclaims $1 million of it to take advantage of the Massachusetts estate tax exclusion, though the benefit of the rollover, the possible Roth conversion, and the ability to name new beneficiaries, may outweigh the benefit of Dad’s $1 million Massachusetts estate tax exclusion amount).
  • So it would be helpful to pin down the facts.
  • Bruce Steiner


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